Catch-and-Release Guidelines

These guidelines provide basic information on the most beneficial catch-and-release methods for most small- to medium-sized freshwater and marine fish:

If you plan to fish with artificial lures, such as plugs and spoons, consider replacing treble hooks with single hooks. Single hooks are quicker and easier to remove, especially when dealing with such predatory fish as bluefish and northern pike. Consider pinching the barb on your hooks, since this will make releasing the fish much easier.

Plan your release strategy. Decide whether to keep or release any fish prior to angling or at least before removing the fish from the water. Familiarize yourself with any regulations in effect for the species targeted, and gather any items that will facilitate handling and releasing the fish.

When a fish is hooked, use a steady, deliberate retrieval technique. This can reduce the amount of stress a hooked fish undergoes when pulled up from the depths too quickly or when physically exhausted from an overly slow retrieve.

Once you have decided on releasing the fish, avoid netting or even removing it from the water if possible. Use needle-nosed pliers to pry the hook from the fish while it is still in the water. Fish that can be lifted by the leader - the short length of line used to attach the end of the fishing line to the lure or hook - can easily be released over the rail using a "dehooker." These devices, whether homemade or purchased, are gaining in popularity in the bluefish industry - to avoid the fish's nasty teeth - and are useful for releasing a number of other species. A dehooker may simply be a metal rod with a handle at one end and a small upturned hook at the other end. If live bait or a lure is deeply embedded in the fish's gullet, cut the leader close to the fish's mouth and let the fish keep the hook. Studies have shown that fish can get rid of the hook up to 120 days later.

When landing the fish, it is important to minimize out-of-water time and any fish contact with surrounding surfaces or objects. Avoid using landing nets if possible. If a landing net must be used, one with a neoprene bag rather than natural twine should be used. Neoprene removes less of the fish's mucous coat. Do not use a gaff! Keep hands moistened. This helps prevent removal of the fish's natural protective mucous layer, and reduces the chance of subsequent infections in the fish's skin. Minimize handling, particularly of the gills and soft underbelly. Gently prevent the fish from battering itself on surrounding hard surfaces. Place the fish on an old piece of foam cushion and place a wet rag or gloved hand over the fish's eye. These two actions can do much to subdue even unruly tuna and bluefish.

Return the fish to the water headfirst. In most cases, it is best to point the fish's head straight down and allow the fish to plunge down into the water.

All Children under the age of 14 must be accompanied by an adult for safety reasons.

For further information, please call the 252-232-2262, NC Cooperative Extension, Currituck County Center.